What are the various ways to invest in equity shares?

There are various ways to invest in equity shares:

A. Direct equity investment: Buying of equity shares from the market through any broker.

B. Mutual Funds: Buying shares of a bunch of companies through equity mutual funds. They make a fund from many investors and invest accordingly.

C. Exchange-traded funds (ETFs): ETFs generally track an index or a certain sector in the market. They are slightly illiquid and can also be bought from the open market.

D. Initial public offering (IPO): Applying for shares of a company that is going to be listed soon on the market.